This series of drawings were executed using a ruling pen as seen on the left. The ruling pen is a drafting pen that utilizes the science of water tension to control the flow of ink and thickness of line. As you can see in the picture, the dial on the side controls the spread of the tines allowing for a thicker or thinner line of ink.
The composition of the drawings were conceived by looking at focal charts such as the one on the left. There are many variations. These charts are used to test auto focus on a camera. I created a few of these radial black and white dials on small cards and began arranging them and drawing them with the ruling pen. I used cuttlefish ink. As I finished a drawing, I would then take a photograph of the last drawing through a magnifying lens as a way to create the next composition. The photograph would create a bubble-like disturbance in the original composition such as Liquid Image #5. Sometimes a drawing would lay over another drawing and would partly obscure another drawing as in Liquid Image #8. As I worked, the idea of the original became distorted. Some of the drawings were rubbed with a chunk of beeswax and gold flecks were included in others.